[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.ostosest.cz\/tucnak-cisarsky-dokonaly-potapec\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.ostosest.cz\/tucnak-cisarsky-dokonaly-potapec\/","headline":"Tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fd \u2013 dokonal\u00fd pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d","name":"Tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fd \u2013 dokonal\u00fd pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d","description":"Tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fd je nel\u00e9tav\u00fd pt\u00e1k \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed v oblasti Antarktidy. Dor\u016fst\u00e1 do v\u00fd\u0161ky 122 cm a jeho v\u00e1ha se pohybuje mezi 22-45 kg v z\u00e1vislosti na pohlav\u00ed a ro\u010dn\u00ed dob\u011b. \u017div\u00ed P\u0159e\u010d\u00edst<\/a>","datePublished":"2019-02-10","dateModified":"2023-06-09","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.ostosest.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.ostosest.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0c4621640b5c0734669aeb181ef77969b528487727344f28e734a206566ea0f1?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0c4621640b5c0734669aeb181ef77969b528487727344f28e734a206566ea0f1?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"ostosest.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.ostosest.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a337127_w2295_t1550350019.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.ostosest.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a337127_w2295_t1550350019.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.ostosest.cz\/tucnak-cisarsky-dokonaly-potapec\/","wordCount":412,"articleBody":"Tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fd je nel\u00e9tav\u00fd pt\u00e1k \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed v oblasti Antarktidy. Dor\u016fst\u00e1 do v\u00fd\u0161ky 122 cm a jeho v\u00e1ha se pohybuje mezi 22-45 kg v z\u00e1vislosti na pohlav\u00ed a ro\u010dn\u00ed dob\u011b. \u017div\u00ed se rybami, hlavono\u017eci a kor\u00fd\u0161i, kter\u00e9 lov\u00ed ve studen\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch Ji\u017en\u00edho oce\u00e1nu. Jsou to vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed plavci a jejich t\u011blo m\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00e9 adaptace pro plavbu v hloubk\u00e1ch a dlouhou v\u00fddr\u017e pod vodou. Jejich tuh\u00e1 p\u00e1dlovit\u00e1 k\u0159\u00eddla jsou uzp\u016fsobena k plav\u00e1n\u00ed. Dok\u00e1\u017eou plavat rychlost\u00ed a\u017e 9 km\/h. Pod vodou vydr\u017e\u00ed neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdch 18 minut bez jedin\u00e9ho nadechnut\u00ed. Je to d\u00edky zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed struktu\u0159e hemoglobinu, kter\u00fd transportuje kysl\u00edk i kdy\u017e je ho v krvi m\u00e1lo. Nav\u00edc se pod vodou zpomaluje srde\u010dn\u00ed puls a t\u00edm se sni\u017euje spot\u0159eba kysl\u00edku. Pot\u00e1p\u011bt se dok\u00e1\u017eou a\u017e do hloubky p\u0159es 500 metr\u016f. Jejich kosti neobsahuj\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd vzduch a jsou velmi pevn\u00e9. To jim pom\u00e1h\u00e1 se vyrovn\u00e1vat s mechanick\u00fdm barotraumatem, kter\u00fd vznik\u00e1 se zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edm se tlakem ve velk\u00fdch hloubk\u00e1ch. Tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ci jsou tak\u00e9 schopni zpomalit sv\u016fj metabolismus a omezit funkci n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00e9n\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f. Aerodynamick\u00fd tvar t\u011bla jim pom\u00e1h\u00e1 p\u0159ekon\u00e1vat odpor vody p\u0159i plav\u00e1n\u00ed. Pro tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ky je typick\u00e9 synchronizovan\u00e9 plav\u00e1n\u00ed. Sh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed potravy zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed samice, zat\u00edmco samci zah\u0159\u00edvaj\u00ed vejce s ml\u00e1d\u011btem a \u010dekaj\u00ed na svou vyvolenou a\u017e se vr\u00e1t\u00ed z lovu. Tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ci c\u00edsa\u0159\u0161t\u00ed \u017eij\u00ed ve skupin\u011b se sv\u00fdmi druhy. T\u011bch m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u011bkolik stovek. Jak se vlastn\u011b p\u00e1ry navz\u00e1jem poznaj\u00ed? Z\u00e1kladem je zvukov\u00e1 komunikace, kterou tito pt\u00e1ci vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k hled\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9ho partnera. Samice se z lovu vrac\u00ed p\u00e1r dn\u00ed po vyl\u00edhnut\u00ed ml\u00e1\u010fat a krm\u00ed je natr\u00e1venou potravou. Tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ci jsou schopni udr\u017eet si svou teplotu i do 47 stup\u0148\u016f Celsia pod nulou. Chr\u00e1n\u00ed je \u0161k\u00e1ra tlust\u00e1 3 cm a hust\u011b osazen\u00e9 atypick\u00e9 pe\u0159\u00ed. Zah\u0159\u00edvaj\u00ed se tak\u00e9 choulen\u00edm k ostatn\u00edm jedinc\u016fm ve skupin\u011b nebo zrychlen\u00edm metabolismu p\u0159i chozen\u00ed, plav\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di t\u0159esen\u00edm. Jsou to jedine\u010dn\u00ed tvorov\u00e9, jejich\u017e populace se rok od roku sni\u017euje. A je to \u0161koda. 4.3\/5 - (9 votes) "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fd \u2013 dokonal\u00fd pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d","item":"https:\/\/www.ostosest.cz\/tucnak-cisarsky-dokonaly-potapec\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]